Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that play a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth. They belong to the prokaryote domain, characterized by the absence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Found virtually everywhere, bacteria thrive in diverse environments, from extreme heat to freezing temperatures.
Also See: Morphology Of Bacteria PPT
Bacteria PPT: History, Meaning, Groups, Classification
Contents
Structure and Characteristics of Bacteria
Bacteria come in various shapes, including spherical (cocci), rod-shaped (bacilli), and spiral (spirilla). They possess a rigid cell wall, often surrounded by an additional capsule for protection. Inside, their genetic material exists as a single circular DNA molecule. Many bacteria also have appendages like flagella for movement and pili for adhesion.
Also See: Classification Of Bacteria PPT
Role in the Ecosystem
Bacteria play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance. Decomposers like Bacillus subtilis break down organic matter, recycling nutrients into the soil. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium, enrich soil fertility by converting atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants.
Beneficial Bacteria
Not all bacteria are harmful; some are indispensable for human well-being. In the gut, bacteria like Lactobacillus aid digestion and strengthen immunity. In industries, bacterial strains help in fermenting food products such as yogurt and cheese. Genetic engineering also uses bacteria to produce insulin and antibiotics.
Harmful Bacteria and Diseases
Despite their benefits, some bacteria cause diseases. Pathogenic strains like Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are responsible for infections, food poisoning, and other health issues. However, advancements in medicine have enabled the development of antibiotics to combat bacterial diseases effectively.
Also See: Disinfection PPT
Antibiotic Resistance
The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a significant threat to global health. Strains like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are challenging to treat, necessitating urgent action in antibiotic stewardship.
Table of Content for Bacteria PPT
- History of Bacteria.
- Introduction of bacteria.
- Ways of classification.
- Groups of Bacteria.
- Comparison b/w Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes.
- Comparison with other Kingdoms
- Emerging Research on Bacteria
- Conclusion
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